Imishini ephathekayo ye-sandblasting ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukususa ukugqwala, bushelelezi izindawo ezimaholoholo, ukwehlisa nokuhlanza amapayipi noma amathangi. Umshini oqhumisayo uqukethe i-compressor yomoya noma umthombo wamandla, i-valve yokulinganisa i-abrasive, ibhodwe eliqhumayo kanye ne-nozzle yokuqhuma.
Amayunithi amancane angabanjwa ngesandla kuyilapho amamodeli ezimboni amakhulu angase afakwe kuma-trailer noma ezimotweni ezingashayelwa zisuka endaweni yokusebenza ziye kwesinye..
Ukuqhunyiswa Okumanzi
Njengoba igama layo lisho, ukuqhuma okumanzi kusebenzisa amanzi njengendawo yokugwaza ukuhlanza noma ukuhlubula izingxenye. Ingasetshenziswa ngaphakathi nangaphandle ngamasayizi ahlukahlukene kanye nezinhlobo zemishini yokuqhuma kusukela kumayunithi aphathwayo kuye emishinini emikhulu yezimboni.; ngenkathi usebenzisa amanzi kusiza ukunciphisa uthuli oluphuma emoyeni olubeka izingozi zempilo futhi lungabangela i-silicosis.
Umshini ovamile wokuqhuma okumanzi uwuhlelo oluvaliwe lwe-loop oluhlanganisa ikhabethe eliqhumayo kanye nesistimu yokuhlanza imfucuza, lapho u-opharetha esebenzisa izilawuli kude ukuze avule futhi avale ukuqhuma uma kudingeka. Amanye amamodeli afaka ama-turntable ukuze asetshenziswe kalula ngaphakathi kwekhabhinethi kuyilapho ezicini ezisindayo amathrekhi angaphandle anomzila angasiza ukulayisha nokulayisha izingxenye ngokushesha okukhulu..
Ngemuva kokusebenzisa yonke i-abrasive, uhlelo lusebenza ukudonsela emuva udaka ku-sump yomshini ukuze ugaywe kabusha, equkethe imidiya ephukile kanye namanzi esiza ukugwema noma yikuphi ukungcoliswa kwemvelo noma izindawo ezizungezile ngenkathi kukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokuqhuma.
Ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokuqhumisa okumanzi kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi, njenge;
Ukwengezwa kwamanzi kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemidiya, ngokuvamile okuncike kusayizi wombhobho oqhumayo, ukonga kokubili imali nokusiza opharetha ukuba bafinyelele isiphetho esidingekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwengeza amanzi kungavimbela ukungqubuzana ezingxenyeni ezincane ngenxa yokushisa ukushisa kanye nokuhlinzeka ngokunemba okukhulu lapho ukubekezelelana kuseduze.
Amanzi angasiza ukubambezela ukugqwala kwe-flash ebusweni bensimbi ngokungeza umswakama, nakuba ama-rust inhibitors kusafanele asetshenziswe ngemva kokuqhuma futhi indawo engaphezulu kufanele yome ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho ukuze kugwenywe ukugqwala.. Ingase futhi idale isiphetho se-satin esikhangayo kuma-substrates ensimbi okwenza ukuba afanelekele ukuhlanganisa nokufaka izicelo – okuzuzisa kakhulu ezindaweni zasolwandle nezokundiza, izimboni zokukhiqiza ezithembele kakhulu ezindaweni ezibushelelezi, noma lezo ezidinga izindawo ezibushelelezi nezicwebezelayo zokukhiqiza imikhiqizo eyikhwalithi.
I-Dry Blasting
Ukuqhuma okomile kuyahluka ekuqhumeni okumanzi ngokungawasebenzisi amanzi njengengxenye yenqubo yakho. Kunalokho, le nqubo isebenzisa umoya onomfutho ophezulu ukuze iqhubekisele ama-abrasive ahlukahlukene phezu kwezingubo ezingaphezulu ukuze ziwasuse. – okwenza le nqubo ifanelekele ukukhumula upende, ukugqwala okukhulu nokunye ukungcola okunenkani okuvela ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene.
Ukuqhuma okomile ngokuvamile kudinga i-compressor yomoya ukuze kukhiqizwe umoya onomfutho ophezulu obese ufakwa ebhodweni eliqhumayo ngobuningi bokusabalalisa umoya. (I-ADM). Kanye endaweni, I-ADM isiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umoya oqhumayo usabalaliswa ngokulinganayo phakathi kwebhodwe ngalinye elisetshenziswayo; Khona-ke i-abrasive ingafakwa ebhodweni ngamavalvu ngaphambi kokuba ikhishwe ngombhobho oqhumayo futhi iqondiswe kucezu lokusebenza..
I-blaster kufanele igqoke izingubo zokuzivikela kanye nesigqoko sokuzivikela njengoba umsebenzi wabo ungaba yingozi kakhulu futhi udinga ubuchwepheshe ukuze usebenze ngempumelelo.. Bangase futhi bakhethe ukwengeza esinye isibhamu esiqhumayo esixhuma ngqo nebhodwe elihlukile elibavumela ukuthi basebenzise izinhlelo ezimbili ezihlukene zokuqhuma ngesikhathi esisodwa..
Lolu hlobo lokuqhuma ngokuvamile lusetshenziselwa ukususa ukugqwala nokuhlanza izakhiwo zensimbi ezifana namathangi kawoyela nezinye izinto zensimbi., kuyilapho ingeke isetshenziswe ngempumelelo engilazini noma ezintweni zobumba njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngokungalungile kungase kuzilimaze ngendlela engenakulungiseka.
Ukuqhuma okomile kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi phezu kokuqhuma okumanzi, kuhlanganise nekhono layo lokufeza izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokuhlanza kanye nezikhathi zokuhlanza ezincishisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyashintshashintsha ngoba ingasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezingaphezulu okuhlanganisa nensimbi, ukhonkolo nokhuni.
Izinzuzo ezengeziwe ze-microblasting zihlanganisa ikhono layo lokuhlanza izinto ezingakwazi ukumanziswa, njengama-electronics nama-semiconductor wafers. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingasetshenziswa futhi ngempumelelo ekubuyiseleni izinto zobuciko zomlando nezakhiwo njengoba ingabangeli umonakalo omkhulu we-substrate kunemithombo yendabuko ehubhukayo..
Izinhlelo zokuqhuma okomile nazo zingabiza kakhulu kuneziqhumane ezimanzi ngenxa yokungabi bikho kwezindleko zemidiya; ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa isikhathi sokukhiqiza njengoba kuyinqubo esheshayo kunokuqhuma okumanzi. Lokhu kubenza babe usizo ikakhulukazi kumabhizinisi adinga izikhathi ezisheshayo zokushintsha amaphrojekthi okuhlanza noma lawo okumele agcine imishini engaguquki engakwazi ukuthuthwa kalula..
Ukuhlanza
I-Sandblasting iyindlela ephumelelayo neyongayo yokuhlanza izindawo zensimbi zokugqwala noma upende. Ukusebenzisa umoya ocindezelweyo, into eqhumayo iphoqelelwa ngokumelene nensimbi nezinye izindawo kusetshenziswa amapayipi omoya acindezelwe ngesivinini esiphezulu ngesivinini esikhulu – ilungele insimbi, zethusi, i-fiberglass nezinto zokhuni njengoba isusa upende omdala ngenkathi ilungiselela ukupendwa kabusha.
Imishini yokuqhumisa isihlabathi isebenzisa i-compressor yomoya ukuze inike amandla isibhamu esiqhumayo esixhunywe esitsheni semidiya eqhumayo njengesihlabathi., insimbi yensimbi, amagobolondo ama-walnut noma ubuhlalu bengilazi. Uma usususelwe kwi-reservoir yayo ngepayipi lomoya bese ufika phezulu uyahlanzwa, lokhu kugwaza kuhlukanisa noma yikuphi ukungcola futhi kulungiselele ukucwengwa kabusha.
Imishini eminingi ye-sandblasting yezentengiselwano iyaphatheka, okwenza zithuthwe kalula zisuka endaweni yomsebenzi ziye endaweni yomsebenzi. Angase agibele ezinqoleni, amaloli noma izimoto zokuhamba futhi zigcinwe phakathi kwamaphrojekthi omsebenzi emashedeni noma egalaji. Amanye amamodeli afaka nezibhamu eziningi eziqhumayo ezinamakhonsoli okulawula ukuze abaqhubi bazo bakwazi ukushintsha inani lokucindezela noma ukugeleza kwesibhamu ngasinye uma kudingeka..
Ukuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi, okubuye kubizwe ngokuthi ukuqhunyiswa kobuhlalu, ukuqhuma kwegrit noma ukuqhuma kwesibhamu, indlela efana ne-sandblasting kodwa isebenzisa izinhlayiya ezincane ezilumayo njengobuhlalu bengilazi noma amagobolondo e-walnut esikhundleni sezinhlamvu ezinkulu zesihlabathi.. Le nqubo ilungele ukuhlanza izibonelo zamaminerali ngoba ayilimazi indawo yazo futhi ivamise ukusetshenziswa izitolo ezithengisa izimoto ukuze zisuse upende nokungcola ezimotweni..
Ezitolo eziningi zemishini nasezitshalweni zokwenziwa, amakhabethe e-sandblasting asebenza ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi njengokwehlisa amafutha, deburing, ukulungiswa kwendawo kanye nokuhlanza i-die/isikhunta/ithuluzi. Izinqubo ze-sandblasting zingase futhi zizenzekele noma zisetshenziswe ngamarobhothi ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kahle nekhwalithi; ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela idinga izinqubo ezincane ezidinga abasebenzi abaningi njengamasondo okugaya, amafayela ajikelezayo noma amasondo e-flap abrasive njengoba ekhiqiza uthuli oluncane kunalawa amanye amathuluzi.
Ukuphepha
Nakuba imishini ye-sandblasting ingasetshenziswa kuzilungiselelo eziningi, kubalulekile ukuthi abasebenzisi baqaphele ukukhathazeka okungaba khona kokuphepha okungase kuvele ngenkathi beyisebenzisa. Ukuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi kudala uthuli nezinye izinto ezingaba yingozi ezingase zibe izinsongo zempilo nezemvelo; ukunciphisa izingozi ezingaba khona ukuthi zenzeke landela izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu futhi ugqoke i-PPE efanele. Okunye okucatshangelwayo kufanele kubandakanye ukuhlinzeka komoya owanele lapho usebenza ezindaweni eziqinile kanye nokuqapha izimo zomoya ukuze uhlale uphephile..
Enye yezingozi eziyinhloko zokuphepha ezivela kuma-abrasive emoyeni ukucasuka kokuphefumula, kanti ngenkathi izinto zokuzivikela (I-PPE) ingasiza ukukhawulela ukuchayeka, abasebenzi kufanele bathole ukuqeqeshwa okufanele mayelana nokusetshenziswa nokugcinwa kwayo ukuze kuncishiswe le ngozi ngempumelelo. Ukuqeqeshwa kufanele kubandakanye imiyalelo yokusebenzisa izinsimbi zokuphefumula ezifanele kanye nokuphatha izinto eziyingozi ngokuphepha nangokuzibophezela..
Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okubangelwa ukuchayeka emazingeni aphezulu omsindo okhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi kungenye ingozi enkulu, nakuba izici zokunciphisa umsindo zitholakala kumishini ephathekayo yezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-sandblasting. Ukulwa nale ngozi, izindawo zokusebenza kumele zibe nomoya omuhle, futhi abaqhubi kufanele bagqoke isivikelo sokuzwa esifanele.
Ingozi eyengeziwe eyengeziwe ebangelwa ama-abrasives athile isekusetshenzisweni kwawo. Ngokusho kwe-Alert, ukuchayeka kwe-crystalline silica kubangela ingozi enkulu ye-silicosis, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele abaqashi ukuthi bavimbele ukusebenzisa noma yimiphi imikhiqizo equkethe okungaphezu kwalokho 1% i-crystalline silica njengento yokuqhuma, esikhundleni salo ngezinto eziyingozi kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqapha komoya kufanele kwenziwe njalo ukuze kutholakale amazinga okuchayeka phakathi kwabasebenzi.
Emgogodleni wanoma iyiphi into ephathekayo ye-sandblasting ingozi engaba khona ebangelwa ukuchayeka kumagesi ayingozi. Ngeshwa, lezi ngokuvamile azinambala futhi azinaphunga zenza ukuthola kube inselele – lokhu kuyingozi ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezivalekile. Ukunciphisa izingozi ezinjalo, ama-blasters kufanele ahlolwe ngaphambi kokungena kunoma yiziphi izikhala ezivalekile ukuze kutholakale noma iyiphi igesi evuthayo noma enobuthi futhi umoya uqhunyiswe ngesistimu yokukhipha umoya ukuze kukhishwe noma yimuphi umhwamuko oyingozi..