Isisetshenziswa se-Sandblasting siqukethe imishini yokuqhuma ingcindezi namaphakheji alungiselelwe kusengaphambili alayishwa ngezinto ozikhethayo., kuyilapho iziqhumane zisebenzisa imibhobho engagugi eyenziwe ngensimbi noma nge-boron carbide ehlala isikhathi eside ngokuphindwe kasikhombisa kunosimende we-tungsten carbide nozzles.Izicelo zokulungiselela ukuqhuma zihlanganisa ukuhlanzwa komthelela, deburing, ukuhlanza, shot peening kanye etching zokuhlobisa. Lapho wenza izicelo zokulungiselela ukuqhuma kubalulekile ukuthi kokubili i-compressor kanye nama-nozzles ahlale engenawo amafutha kanye nokungcoliswa komswakama..
Ama-Abrasive Blasters
Ukuqhuma okulimazayo kusebenzisa imidiya eqhutshwa ingcindezi njengesihlabathi, insimbi yensimbi, noma i-garnet ukuze iqhubekele phezulu kwendawo yokusebenza enemidiya efana nesihlabathi, insimbi noma i-garnet bese ususa ukugqwala, ukugqwala, isikali pitting, amachashaza amaholoholo noma okunye ukungapheleli ezingxenyeni zensimbi ngaphambi kokuba zilungiswe noma zipendwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-deburring edges ingenye inzuzo njengoba lokhu kunciphisa izingozi zokusingatha ngenkathi kusiza izingxenye ezisikiwe noma ezibunjiwe zigcine izimo zazo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi..
Imisebenzi yokuqhuma kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwesistimu yokuqukatha eyaziwa ngokuthi ikhabethe eliqhumayo noma igumbi. Lawa makhabethe akhiwa ngokusebenzisa ukwakhiwa kwensimbi ehlukahlukene, ukuphonsa, welding kanye machining izinqubo ezidala izinhlangothi, imilenze, iminyango, amafasitela, amachweba amagilavu, igridi noma izikrini nezibambi zezibhamu ezenziwe ngeshidi lensimbi. Izingxenye ezengeziwe zingase zihlanganise ama-turntable ukuze kumiswe izinto zokusebenza ngaphambi kokuthi kuqale ukuqhunyiswa; izibhamu eziqhumayo ezinamafasitela okubona ukuze opharetha bakwazi ukubuka imisebenzi; izilawuli zokunyathela noma zokunyathela ukuze ulawule ukugeleza kwemidiya nokunye.
Umoya ocindezelwe ulethwa usuka ku-compressor uye embizeni yokuqhuma eyodwa noma ngaphezulu, iziqukathi ezicindezelweyo eziqukethe imidiya elumayo. Ibhodwe ngalinye eliqhumayo line-pop-up noma i-metering valve lapho imidiya ingadedelwa khona epayipini eliqhumayo elixhunywe kusibhamu esiqhumayo esitholakala ngaphakathi kwekhabhinethi yalo futhi lidutshulwe endaweni yokusebenza kusetshenziswa i-foot pedal noma i-tread trigger ukuze kuqhunyiswe amandla omthelela akhuphukayo nokusebenza kokuhlanza..
Uhlobo lwemishini yokuqhumisa e-abrasive ekhethiwe incike kukho kokubili ukusetshenziswa kanye nevolumu yokukhiqiza. Ukudubula kwensimbi kungasetshenziswa kabusha izikhathi eziningi kuyilapho isihlabathi noma i-slag yamalahle kufanele igcwaliswe ngemva kokusetshenziswa ngakunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-abrasives zingasetshenziswa noma izinqubo zokuqhumisa ezimanzi noma ezomile. Ama-abrasives afika ngendlela yamaminerali (njenge-silica), imikhiqizo eyenziwe engilazini efana ne-ceramic noma i-sodium bicarbonate noma izixazululo zamakhemikhali njenge-sodium bicarbonate. I-silica ingenye ye-abrasives esekelwe kumaminerali ethandwa kakhulu; izinhlobo ezimboziwe ziyatholakala ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuhogela uthuli okungase kuholele ezimeni zamaphaphu eziwohlokayo njenge-silicosis.. Ama-abrasive asekelwe kumaminerali afana ne-garnet ayabiza kakhulu kodwa aletha ukusebenza okufanayo. Izinhlayiya zabo zikhishwa emlonyeni ngesivinini esikhulu, ngakho-ke izinto zokuphepha ezifanele njengezigqoko ezifakwa ekhanda, ukuvikela ukuzwa neso kanye nezinsimbi zokuphefumula kuyadingeka ukuze kuvikelwe abaqhubi.
Ama-Wheel Blasters
Imishini yokuqhuma kwamasondo inikeza isisombululo esilula kodwa esisebenzayo sokuhlanza imikhiqizo emikhulu efana nokusakazwa, izingxenye zomshini nezinto zesakhiwo ngaphambi kokumbozwa ngopende ovikela ukugqwala kapende ovikela ukugqwala noma ijazi lempushana. Ngokuguqula amandla emoto kagesi abe amandla abrasive kinetic usebenzisa isondo le-turbine elijikelezayo, baguqula amandla emoto kagesi abe amandla abrasive kinetic ukuze asetshenziswe ngokumelene nokusakazwa, izingxenye zomshini nezinto zesakhiwo ezinebanga eliguquguqukayo phakathi kwesondo eliqhumayo nesiqeshana sokusebenza esivumela abasebenzisi ukwenza ngendlela oyifisayo amaphethini okuqhuma alungisa usayizi, ukwakheka kanye nendawo yezindawo ezishisayo ezindaweni zokusebenza ezivumela opharetha ukuthi balungise kahle amaphethini okuqhuma lapho kususwa ukugqwala noma ukuhlanzwa ngaphambi kokudweba noma ukumboza izinhlelo zokusebenza..
Amasistimu okuqhuma kwamasondo nawo aklanyelwe ukwamukela ukungezwa kalula nokususwa kwemidiya ku-hopper., usebenzisa isistimu yokuphakelayo ezenzakalelayo, ngama-abrasive ekhwalithi enhle aphinde ajikeleziswa ekukhiqizeni njengoba kudingeka. Isihlukanisi esihlukile sokugeza umoya sifutha uthuli kanye ne-abrasive ku-hopper kadoti; noma iyiphi i-abrasive yekhwalithi enhle ihlala ngaphakathi kwesistimu ukuze iphinde isetshenziswe.
Amasistimu okuqhuma kwamasondo avame ukuba nezindleko eziphansi kunezinye izinhlobo zezisetshenziswa ze-Sandblasting futhi ngokuvamile yizona ezikhethwa kakhulu emisebenzini yokwenziwa kwensimbi.. Isistimu yokuqhuma kwamasondo ingahlanzwa kalula 320 amarimu eloli ngeshifu yamahora ayisishiyagalombili anemishini eyanele yokusethwa.
Nokho, Ukusebenza nokugcinwa kokuqhuma kwamasondo okuyisisekelo kushintshile kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okwenza kube bucayi ukuthi abasebenzi banake kakhulu ukufundwa kwe-ammeter futhi bengeze i-abrasive njengoba kudingeka ukuze kusebenze kahle. Umsebenzisi ongenalwazi kwenye i-shift angakwazi ukulahla ngephutha i-abrasive elingana nezinhlayiyana eziningi kusistimu yakhe., ukushintsha amamiksi emidiya kakhulu kakhulu ukuze kungaqhunyiswa ngempumelelo amasondo.
Amanye amasistimu okuqhuma kwamasondo angasebenzisa isibhamu sensimbi engagqwali, okusebenza kahle ekwehliseni ama-forgings kanye nokusakazwa okuhlanzekile kwezimbotshana ze-aluminium oxide. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-abrasive yayo eyindilinga isiza izingxenye zokukhulula ukucindezeleka kuyilapho ikhetha ukuhambisana nemvelo kunezinye izinhlobo zemithombo yezindaba eqhumayo..
Ukuqhunyiswa kobuhlalu bengilazi kunganikeza enye inketho yezinhlelo zokusebenza eziqhumayo. Lawa masistimu asebenzisa umoya ocindezelwe ukuze aqhubekisele ubuhlalu bengilazi obuncane ezindaweni zonke ukuze buhlinzwe futhi buhlanzeke, engase isetshenziselwe kabusha ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuqhuma kanye nokubandakanyeka ku-opharetha.
Ama-Blasters okudonsa
Amakhabethe e-sandblast suction ahlukile kumasondo nezinhlelo zokucindezela ngoba asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-vacuum ukuze adonsele imidiya esibhanyini sawo futhi asilethe ngqo endaweni yokusebenza.. Imidiya eqhumayo igcinwa ku-canister exhunywe ngqo nesibhamu esiqhumayo ngepayipi nombhobho.
Ukuqhunyiswa kwevacuum kungaba enye indlela esebenza kahle kakhulu yokuqhumisa okomile lapho usebenza endaweni ethambile noma izinsiza zomoya ezinomkhawulo., njengoba ikhiqiza uthuli oluncane kakhulu. Inqubo iyashesha, ithule futhi ikhiqize ukukhishwa kothuli okuncane ekusetshenzisweni kwayo uma kuqhathaniswa nokuqhuma okomile okulimazayo; isibhamu sawo sisebenzisa umbhobho okhethekile ukuletha ingxube yesivinini somoya nesihlabathi (eyaziwa ngokuthi i-abrasive) ngqo endaweni yokusebenza eshiya izinsalela ezincane ngemuva; isihlabathi esisetshenzisiwe sihlukaniswa ngokuzenzakalelayo nothuli/imfucumfucu exegisiwe ngemva kokusetshenziswa futhi siphinde sisetshenziswe izikhathi eziningi.
Amasistimu okumunca ngokuvamile alula ukusebenza nokuyinakekela kunezinhlelo zokucindezela, njengoba izibhamu zabo zidinga izingxenye ezimbalwa futhi ziguga kancane kancane; nokho, imibhobho, umzimba wesibhamu esiqhumayo kanye namapayipi okulawula kusafanele ahlolwe njalo ukuze abone ukuqhekeka nokuvuza. Imibhobho eyenziwe ngezinto eziqinile njenge-boron carbide, i-alumina noma i-WC ehlanzekile ingaguga ngokushesha ngenxa yesivinini esiphansi sokulethwa kwemidiya; lokhu kugqokwa kwesinye isikhathi kunganxeshezelwa ngokunciphisa isivinini sokulethwa kwemidiya.
Ijubane eliphansi libuye lidinge ukuthi umlomo wombhobho ugcinwe useduze nendawo yokusebenza, ukwehlisa usayizi wokusakaza komsindo kanye nokukhawulela ukuthi kungakanani ukusabalala kwemidiya okukhona endaweni yokusebenza – ukwehlisa izinga lokuhlanza kanye namazinga okukhiqiza ngenxa yalokho.
Amasistimu okucindezela anikeza amandla omthelela amakhulu ukuze angene ezingqimbeni eziningi zopende, ukugqwala noma okokunamathela kunezinhlelo zokumunca ezingaba ngenxa yomphumela wazo omkhulu wokukhipha amandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasistimu okucindezela angakwazi ukuphatha kalula imidiya yokuqhuma esindayo, njengokudutshulwa kwensimbi noma ukusika ucingo okungase kube nzima ukuthi amasistimu okumunca aphakamise futhi aqhubekisele phambili. Ekugcineni, izinhlelo zokucindezela zinikeza ukulawula izinga lokucindezela okunembe kakhudlwana, okuvumela umsebenzisi ukuthi aqondise izindawo ezithile zokwelashwa noma ukususwa ngokunembe kakhudlwana futhi aqondise ukungcola okuthile ngokushesha okukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa namasistimu okumunca ngaleyo ndlela kufinyeze izikhathi zomsebenzi zizonke..
I-Direct Pressure Blasters
I-Sandblasting Equipment isho amasistimu noma imishini esebenzisa umoya ocindezelwe noma amanzi ukuze ivule imidiya yokuqhuma. (njengesihlabathi, isibhamu sensimbi noma ubuhlalu be-ceramic) ngaphambi kokuyiveza ezindaweni ukuze izihlanze noma ziziguqule. Lesi sisetshenziswa ngokuvamile siqukethe ibhodwe eliqhumayo, isibhamu esifaka imidiya ecindezelwe kanye nesondo lokuqhuma/nozzle.
Ama-sandblasters ebhodwe lokucindezela asebenzisa ithini elicindezelwe lezinto eziqhumayo (njengesihlabathi) ixhunywe ngepayipi esibhanyini kusetshenziswa indlela ekhethekile yokucupha. Isibhamu esisesibhamu singabe sesidonswa ukuze kudedelwe i-abrasive esitsheni saso emgqonyeni wayo wesibhamu esiqhumayo., eyaziwa nangokuthi i-gravity fed blaster ngenxa yokuthi amandla adonsela phansi ahlinzeka kanjani ngokunikezwa kwawo.
I-Gravity propulsion ikhipha ama-abrasives ezibhamuni zabo, izindawo ezinomthelela okufanele zihlanzwe noma ziqhunyiswe ngamandla ukuze kukhishwe udoti futhi kuvezwe izindawo ezintsha ezintweni okufanele zihlanzwe/ziqhunyiswe.
Amasistimu okucindezela avame ukusetshenziswa kaningi ezinhlelweni zemboni kunezinhlelo zokuncela noma zesishingishane; nokho, lezi ngezinye izikhathi zingasetshenziswa emisebenzini emincane. Nakuba imishini ye-sandblasting yokucindezela ivame ukuba nezindleko ezingaphezulu kunezinye zazo, ukusebenza kahle okwandisiwe kanye nokuncipha kwesikhathi sokuphumula kungase konge imali ezindlekweni zabasebenzi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-Sandblasting Equipment ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baqashe izinhlobo zemidiya ezilumayo, kufaka phakathi ubuhlalu bengilazi noma imidiya engeyona eyensimbi, ukuze uthole imiphumela yokuhlanza enembe kakhulu nezindawo ezibushelelezi kunesihlabathi esijwayelekile.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi i-abrasive esetshenzisiwe, i-sandblasting ingadala ukuguga okuphawulekayo ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi nezinsiza zesistimu. Imishini eqhumayo idinga ukuhlolwa njalo, igcinwe, okulungisiwe kanye nezingxenye zokugqokwa kwemidiya ziyahlolwa noma zishintshwe njengoba kudingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okungaguquki, izinga nokuphepha. Abasebenzi kufanele basebenzise izinto zokuzivikela (I-PPE), bhalisela ukuqeqeshwa kokuqhuma okusemthethweni uma kungenzeka ukuze uthole ukuphatha isikhathi okuthuthukisiwe kanye nezinqubo zokusebenza ezithuthukisiwe, kanye nokuqaphela izidingo zesikhala esivalekile lapho usebenzisa imishini yokuqhumisa ezindaweni ezincane.